Papua New Guinea Cruise Part 1: All at Sea

Red-footed Booby

We’ve just returned from a 12-day cruise from Brisbane to Papua New Guinea aboard the Coral Princess from January 26 to February 6. I’ll post separately about productive birding experiences near Rabaul and in the Conflict Islands. This post is to give an idea of what to expect on a cruise of this nature and to outline what happened with seabirds along the way. It’s important to note that seabirding from large cruise ships is difficult; you’re a long way up from the water and birds are usually distant.

Wedge-tailed Shearwater

First birds of interest were a surprisingly good number (about 10) of Brown Booby perched with Pied Cormorants on pylons as we left Moreton Bay late-afternoon on Day One. At 6am the next day (January 27) we were at 23.79020S, 153.47622E, well north of Fraser Island, heading north at 17 knots an hour, a speed maintained for most of the cruise. Several hundred Wedge-tailed Shearwaters were seen as the morning progressed, most heading north. By 9am we had crossed the Tropic of Capricorn about 170km east of Rockhampton (23.48139S, 153.42456E) and it wasn’t until then that the first and last Tahiti Petrels for the trip were seen – 3 distant birds. 

Masked Booby

 An hour later we were skirting the southern end of the Great Barrier Reef (22.82514S, 153.31802E) about 300km east of Rockhampton and bird numbers picked up. I saw in quick succession Masked Booby, Red-footed Booby, Red-tailed Tropicbird (1 single and 1 pair), White-tailed Tropicbird (1 pair) and a female Lesser Frigatebird. Wedge-tailed Shearwaters remained abundant but mostly as singles and small groups flying north. By 2.30pm we were about 350km east of Mackay (21.40460S, 153.08650E) having notched up several more Masked Boobies, another White-tailed Tropicbird and a few Sooty Terns. 

White-tailed Tropicbird

By this time, the shearwaters began dropping off markedly in numbers. At 6am on 28 January, with the phone GPS no longer working, we were about 500km east of Cairns in the Coral Sea Islands Territory. Several Masked Boobies were regularly following the ship, attempting to catch flying fish disturbed in its wake. 

Flying Fish

Another White-tailed Tropicbird was seen. Wedge-tailed Shearwater by now was scarce. At 9.30am, 500km east of Cape Flattery, a couple of Red-footed Boobies joined the Masked Boobies following the ship, with both species maintaining a presence for the rest of the day. 

Red-footed Booby (above and below)

Small flocks of Sooty Tern were about. A distant bird that was very likely a Herald Petrel was seen briefly. We were in the PNG port of Alotai on 29 January for a land visit.

The Coral Princess berthed in Alatou

Unfortunately my attempts at organising a birding trip had failed so I was reduced to looking at Pacific Swallows and Singing Starlings along the foreshore of this somewhat bedraggled town.

Pacific Swallow

Singing Starling

 Boys charged $5 to be photographed with a captive Blyth’s Hornbill (this image was not paid for!). 

Captive Blyth's Hornbill

Other birds around town were Willie Wagtail, Torresian Crow, White-breasted Woodswallow, Chestnut-breasted Mannikin, Torresian Imperial-Pigeon and Varied Honeyeater. In the late afternoon we departed, enjoying the scenic Milne Bay as we headed east through PNG waters. 

Milne Bay

 January 30 was another day at sea, having now left the Coral Sea which had been with us for most of the trip and crossing the Solomon Sea. At 6am we were about 80km north-east of Fergusson Island (9.15418S, 151.40258E). Not much was seen other than a few Brown Boobies early morning. Around this time I saw another Red-tailed Tropicbird, a couple more Red-footed Boobies (although boobies had by now stopped following the ship) and some Sooty Terns.

Sooty Tern

In the afternoon I saw a pod of Long-flippered Pilot Whales (7.54995S, 151.72454E) and more Red-footed Boobies. At 6am on January 31 we were 10km east of Cape Gazelle at the eastern end of New Britain (4.46433S, 152.46290E) and 40km west of New Ireland. This was the kind of area we needed to be in for the rare and highly localised Beck’s Petrel, but no petrels of any kind showed. Even Wedge-tailed Shearwaters had not shown for a few days now. What we did find unexpectedly was a Uniform Swiftlet (of the New Britain endemic subsp pallens) alive on the deck.

Uniform Swiftlet

 A few Lesser Frigatebirds and Black-naped Terns were about and a nice pod of Gray’s Spinner Dolphins put on a show close to the ship. 

Gray's Spinner Dolphin (above and below)

We had a two-day stop in Rabaul. Day one was partly occupied with a cultural tour of World War II relics around town and the wastelands that emerged after the city was buried by volcanic ash in 1994. Birds included Singing Starling, Glossy Swiftlet, Golden-headed Cisticola, Eurasian Tree Sparrow, Willie Wagtail, King Quail, Hooded Mannikin and Willie Wagtail. Day two was a productive visit to forest away from town; the subject of the next blog post. 

Children at Rabaul

Rabaul's still active volcano

We left Rabaul late in the afternoon of February 1, seeing a mixed flock of Great and Lesser Frigatebirds, and a flock of Island Imperial-Pigeons flying to a small offshore island. February 2 was when we supposed to visit Kiriwina Island in the famed Trobriand group. I was looking forward to this, especially the chance for the coveted Curl-crested Manucode. A rain squall prevented us from landing with tenders and the captain turned the ship around and headed south at 10am, eight hours before we were scheduled to leave the island. We learned later that the weather cleared up with an hour and it remains a mystery why the captain did not elect to wait a little longer to see if the weather improved.

Lesser Frigatebird

 We continued south at a painfully slow speed (with much time to kill before our next destination) but saw nothing other than a few Brown Boobies and Crested Terns. Things thankfully improved on January 3 when we were able to land on the Conflict Islands, the subject of another post. At 6am on February 4 we were 650km east of Cape Melville. Boobies were all about the ship diving for flying fish, with 6 Masked, 4 Brown and 10 Red-footed making the line-up at one point. A Great Frigatebird and another Red-tailed tropicbird showed. 

Red-tailed Tropicbird

At 9am, about 500km east of Cape Flattery (14.90885S, 152.47574E), I saw an interesting petrel/shearwater but this poor image (below) is the only I managed; it looked markedly smaller than the many Wedge-taileds I’d seen earlier on the cruise and was flying erratically close to the water in the company of Sooty Terns. It may have been a Christmas Shearwater but the image does not rule out Wedge-tailed.

Mystery Shearwater

Around lunchtime I saw a Flesh-footed Shearwater, which is pretty much unknown in waters this tropical. At that point, Wedge-tailed Shearwaters had not been seen for several days.

Flesh-footed Shearwater

Around mid-afternoon, 450km east of Cairns (16.37149S, 152.64106E), Wedge-tailed Shearwaters again began to show in small numbers. The large number of boobies following the ship (24 at one point, more than half of them Red-footed) began to drop off, with Brown Booby becoming the more common species as we headed south. Sooty Tern continued to show occasionally. 

Masked Booby (above and below)

 January 5 was the last full day of the cruise: another day traversing the Coral Sea. At 6.30am we were 320km east of Mackay (21.20436S, 153.19432E). Common Bottle-nose Dolphin was a long way from shore here. 

Common Bottle-nosed Dolphin

The first Streaked Shearwaters (2) of the trip put in an appearance among mixed flocks feeding on bait fish of Wedge-tailed Shearwater, Brown Booby, the occasional Masked Booby and Sooty Tern. Wedge-tailed Shearwaters were common throughout the day. 

Streaked Shearwater with Wedge-tailed Shearwaters

At 3pm we were 100km north of Fraser Island when we were joined by 3 Red-footed Boobies, which remained with the ship until 5.30pm, by which time we were 40km north-east of Sandy Cape. We disembarked in Brisbane on the morning of January 6.

A cautionary and spooky tale of travel drama in West Africa with a twist of Night Parrot

 

The Rockjumper company logo

Some people are impressed by the fact that I’ve seen 8000+ of the world’s 10,000+ species of birds, but if you've got the time and money to pay big bird tour companies for guided trips, it’s not difficult to amass totals of that order. I’ve preferred to organise my own overseas trips undertaken solo; with my partner and/or a small group of friends; or with groups I organise as leader and/or guide in co-operation with local birding guides.

That’s not to say it’s not sensible to sign up with the big tour operators. If you have the money it may indeed make sense; it’s an easier option that those mentioned above. Also more safe and stress-free, supposedly. I’ve only once participated in a tour organised by one of the big operators – a three-week trip to Cameroon in West Africa in 2006 run by South Africa’s Rockjumper. It was a long time ago but I’ve been intending since then to tell a precautionary if hair-raising tale about that trip. I’m now belatedly doing so.

Our Rockjumper tour of Cameroon

The 10 participants were flying at different times from different parts of the world to Cameroon’s economic capital - the city of Douala. Unbeknown to me, two other participants, Ketil Knudsen from Norway and Niels Poul Dryer from Denmark, were on my flight from Paris. I was one of the first to disembark in Douala but my luggage was last off the plane. I cleared Customs, expecting to find a Rockjumper representative waiting with a placard displaying my name, in accordance with company arrangements. I learned later that by this time, the representative had met Niels and Ketil and whisked them off to a roadside kerb some distance from the terminal gates, where they waited for me. My fellow tour participants asked Rockjumpe's man how I was expected to know where to find them. He offered no explanation other than that he was confident I would. He did not return to the terminal to look for me.

So when I emerged from Customs, there was no Rockjumper representative. Instead, an excitable and vocal group of about 100 young African men were vying vigorously and loudly for my attention. I was certain Rockjumper had to be there somewhere. I told the crowd I was being met by Rockjumper. Somebody called out, asking for my surname. I told them. Soon after, a placard appeared: ROBERTS it read in bold black capitals. Phew, with a sigh of relief I made my way to the guy with the sign and we headed off. I was exhausted after the long flight from Brisbane and not thinking clearly. It simply did not occur to me that the sign had just been composed.

We headed not to the airport exit gates but through an underground carpark to a cafe, where he told me to wait for a few minutes while he went and got some supplies for the trip. The only other person in the cafe was a young woman who watched me intently, saying nothing. As I sat there, it dawned on me that this man was unlikely to be the real deal. I realised that I was extremely vulnerable, with a heavily laden luggage trolley in tow. I got up and quickly made my way back to the airport terminal entrance area, a distance of about 500 metres. The woman said nothing.

From L to R: Me on the Cameroon tour with Niels, local guides and Ketil 

I emerged from the terminal and there was still no Rockjumper representative: I gather that by then he had left the airport with the other two guests. Rockjumper had given us two numbers to call in case of an emergency. Both numbers repeatedly went to voicemail, although it was well-known to the company that guests were arriving at the airport at around that time. I knew the name of our hotel in Douala, the Ibis, and called it. The receptionist told me the hotel had no bookings for Rockjumper or for me, and they couldn’t put me through to anybody from the company (which turned out to be untrue). There were a couple of taxis at the airport and one driver was insistent that I get in, but I had read enough about crime-ridden Douala to know to avoid taxis. Douala’s crime problems are chronic: just last month authorities tightened security in the city in a bid to contain escalating levels of gang violence, with one newspaper reporting the community was “gripped with fear”.

I had no idea what to do next. Usually I have arrangements in place to facilitate departure from airports in foreign destinations but I was in the hands of Rockjumper. I looked around for police or airport ataff but there were none. It was then that I was tapped by a well-dressed African man who told me that I needed to follow him immediately. I wasn’t impressed with that idea after what had happened, but he said he’d been watching and talking to an airport informant. He gave me the startling news that a group of well-known gangsters was on my trail!

Inside Douala International Airport terminal

The group, including the man with the sign, turned up at the cafe just after I’d left and then disappeared. But they were now regrouping and heading my way with the intent evidently of abducting or robbing me. The well-dressed man showed me his ID indicating he worked for one of the city’s prestigious hotels and said we had to leave quickly in his vehicle. He was quite frantic and distressed so I believed him; by then there were very few other people about. We ran (as best you can when pushing a heavy trolley) to his vehicle in the carpark and as we got in, a group of four young men came running towards us shouting; two wielded weapons that appeared to be machetes.

My benefactor put his foot to the floor and accelerated just as the mob was about to reach us. He was demonstrably shaken, as was I. He told me these men belonged to a gang which had robbed people at the airport, taken part in carjackings, and were believed responsible for the murders of people in the city. Whether the men chasing us were connected to the taxi-driver who insisted I get in his cab is unknown, but travellers to Cameroon are warned to avoid taxis as cab drivers often work in co-operation with gangs. My rescuer drove me to the Ibis, where I confirmed that the hotel was indeed expecting me. I offered money to this wonderful man who doubtlessly spared me a great deal of grief and possibly my life, but he refused to accept it.

David Hottintott

I decided at once that I needed to put the incident out of mind if I was to enjoy the tour; that it must be the consequence of unfortunate mishaps. It was not until later, especially after talking to Ketil and Niels, that the magnitude of Rockjumper’s failures became clear. Half way through the tour, we flew to Douala on a domestic flight from Garoug in northern Cameroon. At the airport we ran into the Rockjumper man who was supposed to meet me upon arrival in the country. I demanded to his face to know why he put my welfare in danger. This brought an unexpected intervention from tour leader David Hoddintott – an otherwise affable and extremely capable birding guide – who tore into me, insisting the man had been there with a welcoming sign and I must have walked past him, and that I was blowing the incident up out of proportion. Luckily Ketil and Niels overheard this; they told David in no uncertain terms the truth of what transpired.

Grey-necked Rockfowl: pic by Matthew Matthiessen

I raised the matter with Rockjumper owner Adam Riley after returning home. I was offered an apology and a credit ($400 from memory) towards the cost of a future Rockjumper trip. The company would ensure that in future, all guests arriving on tours would be met. It had been my intention to write a travel feature on the trip for my employer at the time, The Australian newspaper, but I was not in a mood to do so after these events. To be sure, the trip was an outstanding success birdwise and we saw some wonderful species including Grey-necked Rockfowl. The guiding was of a high standard and the organisation generally sound. No doubt the great majority of tours don’t encounter these issues.

Adam Riley

But over the years, the experience has quietly and surprisingly gnawed away at me. I’ve had a few near misses with danger on birding forays over the years, but signing up with one of the world’s most respected bird tour companies was supposed to be… safe. Above all, safe. The matter came to the fore again in 2017 when I reported in the pages of The Australian and on my blog that Adam Riley was sounding out a potential participant for “glamping” trips to Pullen Pullen Reserve in western Queensland, where the Night Parrot had been rediscovered.

The idea, which Adam outlined in an email (below) was for clients to pay $25,000 a head – most of it as a donation to Pullen Pullen owners Bush Heritage Australia – in return for the opportunity “to see” a Night Parrot. The species is regarded as one of the rarest and most mysterious birds in the world. The trips were organised under the auspices of BirdLife International, the email said, although BirdLife denied involvement.

Adam told me it was not difficult to make the link between my “expose” about the glamping trips and what he dismissed as my “gripe” – dictionary definitions of gripe include “minor complaint” and “complain about something in a persistent, irritating way” - about the Cameroon experience. He thought the matter had been settled “amicably” years ago (news to me), adding: “I still do not feel that Rockjumper was in any way negligent….”

So Rockjumper was echoing David Hoddintott’s view expressed at the airport that everything the company did was appropriate. Adam’s comments made a mockery of the apology offered previously. The Rockjumper view? Nobody from the company greeting me upon arrival? Yes there was. Emergency phone numbers going to voicemail? No matter. Hotel not having a record for the group or me? Not our fault. Chased through an airport carpark by a group of thugs with evil on their mind? Either made up or dramatised, and nothing to do with us anyway. In sum: nothing to see here. Not then, not now.

Night Parrot 

Oriental Pratincole at Seven Mile Lagoon

The Oriental Pratincole is a very rare visitor to south-eastern Australia, so the finding by Colin Trainor of five pratincoles at Seven Mile Lagoon, in the Lockyer Valley west of Brisbane, on November 26 generated much excitement. The finding is all the more extraordinary since the birds were at the same spot that Chris Corben, Greg Czechura and I had a flock of 26 Oriental Pratincoles in November 1971 – 51 years ago! - and where another flock of 10 birds was located in November 1996 by Andrew Stafford. The 1971 record was the first for South-East Queensland; the 1971, 1996 and current records are the only ones for the region.

All three records of Oriental Pratincole were in the south-west corner of the lagoon, which is often dry but has had plenty of water in it recently due to good seasonal rains over the past two years. The lake was full for many months but the water level has receded more recently, exposing mud around the shore. Following Colin’s find, multiple visitors to the site at first failed to relocate the birds, so it was generally believed they had moved on.

I knew that on the previous two occasions when pratincoles were at Seven Mile, they hung around for several weeks so I decided to have a look on December 5 – 9 days after the initial discovery. I recognised from Colin’s images where his birds were, on relatively exposed mudflats. I located 7 pratincoles about 150 metres further to the south-west, close to the interface between the mud and lush aquatic vegetation (above). Unfortunately my birds were in the vegetation so didn’t show brilliantly for photographs. They flushed and flew high, circling for a short while before landing again some distance away. I decided not to disturb them a second time. Since then, the birds have been seen in the same area by many observers, with up to 9 birds recorded. The only other migratory shorebirds present during my visit were a few Sharp-tailed Sandpipers (below) and a couple of Common Greenshanks.

The lagoon was for many years leased cattle property but it has been acquired by the Lockyer Valley Regional Council. A canal connecting the lagoon to the nearby Atkinsons Dam is owned by SEQ Water. In a welcome boost for biodiversity conservation, the council is working on a management plan for the lagoon with the aim of retaining it in its natural state. The council advises me that there is not yet public access to the site without prior approval for surveys that may assist its management plans. The council said anyone wishing to visit the lagoon can seek permission by calling 1300 005 872.

Seven Mile Lagoon was unknown to the birding community prior to our 1971 discovery. My notes at the time say we had visited Atkinsons Dam, then a well-known birding site, but it was full so we drove on, stumbling upon a “fairly large lagoon just north”. Here, “our greatest expectations were surpassed”. Indeed. There were plenty of migratory shorebirds including Curlew-Sandpiper, Pacific Golden Plover, Red-necked Stint, Sharp-tailed Sandpiper and then, two Pectoral Sandpipers - another regional rarity. Chris spotted the first of the flock of 23 Oriental Pratincoles in the same area where the birds are presently. Crop stubble and grassland were also bountiful: many Stubble Quail were seen including several pairs with young, along with numbers of King Quail, Little Buttonquail and Red-backed Buttonquail. A week later, we revisited the lagoon and saw 26 pratincoles. This time in the stubble we also found Red-chested Buttonquail. In 1996, Andrew found his flock of 10 pratincoles, again in the same part of the lagoon.

After my December 5 sighting of the current birds, I headed off to look for other birds, finding a flock of White-winged Choughs (above) – an uncommon species east of the Great Divide in southern Queensland – nearby. A pair of Black Falcons (below) were on the hunt at the junction of Esk-Gatton Road and the Warrego Highway near Gatton.

Nearby at Lake Galletly were six Blue-billed Ducks, including a pair up close. These birds have been here continuously now for a couple of years.

Plenty of smart looking Striped Honeyeaters were about.

Buff-breasted Buttonquail & Coxen’s Fig-Parrot declared Critically Endangered but is it too late?

The Queensland Government has pledged to work to save the Buff-breasted Buttonquail from extinction after upgrading its status to Critically Endangered, although the delay in doing so may mean the species misses out on crucial conservation funding. State authorities also upgraded the Coxen’s Fig-Parrot to Critically Endangered in government declarations published late last week. The upgrading of the buttonquail’s status is recognition of the view that the species is far more rare than is generally appreciated and indeed may be extinct. It is endemic to the savannah woodlands of Queensland’s Cape York Peninsula. North Queensland naturalists John Young (below) and Lloyd Nielsen in the late-1980s began reporting Buff-breasted Buttonquail from woodlands between the Atherton Tableland and Lakeland Downs at the southern end of Cape York. Since then, numerous records of the species from that region have been claimed, but no supporting evidence such as a photograph has emerged to support any report.

The University of Queensland’s Research and Recovery of Threatened Species group has been undergoing intensive surveys of this and other areas of Cape York in recent years to locate the species in a program headed by PhD student Patrick Webster. Webster and his colleagues have failed to find evidence of the presence of the species anywhere, but they logged numerous records of the closely related Painted Buttonquail (below). In March 2021, the group lodged a submission with the state’s Special Technical Committee detailing results from these surveys and urging the upgrading of the bird’s status to Critically Endangered. The submission was rejected, with state authorities arguing that more evidence was needed before taking that step. Last July, the group submitted a fresh submission.

At the same time, I reported in the pages of The Weekend Australian that a photograph of a nest (below) claimed by John Young to belong to belong to a Buff-breasted Buttonquail in fact was occupied by a Painted Buttonquail; the image had been manipulated to mask details of the nest. Soon after, I published an image which Young and Nielsen claimed to be of a Buff-breasted buttonquail which had not previously been released publicly . Most people who have seen the image say it is in fact a Painted Buttonquail. Although Young and Nielsen claim to have found numerous nests belonging to Buff-breasted Buttonquail and to have seen birds on many occasions, no images have been produced to support the claims.

The 20-month delay by Queensland authorities in upgrading the status to Critically Endangered meant the species was not included in the federal Government’s list of the 20 most endangered birds under its Threatened Species Strategy, so the buttonquail may miss out on funding for crucial conservation programs and research. The Queensland Department of Environment and Science said in a statement that it will continue to protect habitat known to be important for the species; work with partners to improve knowledge and understanding of the buttonquail; and implement management actions where possible to support the recovery of the species. As well, the department will continue efforts to control cattle, manage fire (including appropriate planned burn prescriptions) and manage habitat.

The department said it has determined that populations of both the Buff-breasted Buttonquail and Coxen’s Fig-Parrot were “extremely low”. This admission constitutes a major change of view on the part of state authorities that is welcome if overdue. In 2018, the state took the extraordinary step of downgrading the status of the fig-parrot from Critically Endangered on the basis that its estimated population of between 50 and 250 had not changed for many years. No evidence has surfaced to support this population estimate. Like the Buff-breasted Buttonquail, no evidence in the form of photographs, dead birds or solid follow-up observations has emerged to corroborate a single one of the many records of Coxen’s Fig-Parrot that have been accepted as genuine by state authorities. Again like the buttonquail, the fig-parrot (below) sadly may be extinct.

The bird has disappeared in the wake of the widespread destruction of subtropical lowland rainforest in south-east Queensland and north-east NSW. I have argued that an attempt be made to restore a substantial area of this endangered habitat by allowing hoop pine plantations in Imbil State Forest in the Sunshine Coast hinterland (below) – an area once frequented by the fig-parrot - to regenerate as rainforest, beginning with a small 200ha trial program. The Queensland Government and the timber industry rejected the proposal.

New Zealand Part 3: Orange-fronted Parakeet, NZ King Shag, North Island Saddleback on Blumine Island

A highlight of our 3-week trip to New Zealand was a visit to Blumine Island in the stunning Queen Charlotte Sound, part of the Marlborough Sounds that dominate the landscape of the South Island’s northern end. We had a delightful 6 days in the port town of Picton (below) where we were to hop on the ferry at the end of our stay to cross Cook Strait to the North Island.

Blumine Island has been cleared of predators, allowing for the reintroduction of several species that are today extremely rare and threatened elsewhere. It’s a wet landing so not a regular stop-off for tour operators. You need to arrange with the boat company beforehand to be dropped off and picked up. We had 2 hours on the island (below) - more than ample time to pick up the specialties - and used the company E-ko Tours. Be warned, the fares – like just about everything in NZ – are not cheap.

The boat takes you through the delightful scenery of the Marlborough Sounds.

We hadn’t not long left port when we encountered a pod of Dusky Dolphins, including a couple of females with small calves in tow.

We checked out a small colony of the endemic Spotted Shag on a. rocky outcrop.

The main seabirds about were plenty of Australasian Gannet (first image below), White-fronted Tern and Fluttering Shearwater (second image), with a few Sooty Shearwaters.

At another rocky outcrop we found one of the targets – the New Zealand King Shag, which is endemic to the Marlborough Sounds, with all of its nesting sites within a 50km radius. We had 5 birds at our first stop and another 9 at a second outcrop which they shared with a New Zealand Fur Seal. Another bird was seen flying near Blumine Island, giving a total of 15 seen.

We found the two targets on the island – Orange-fronted (or Mahlberg’s) Parakeet and South Island Saddleback – within 10 minutes of landing. A single parakeet was calling from scrub at the landing point and easily located (first image in this post). It was later joined by a second bird. Then another pair was found nearby, with one bird seen entering and leaving a nesting hole (below).

The saddlebacks were just as showy, putting on quite a performance around the small camping ground by the landing point.

New Zealand Bellbirds and New Zealand Pigeons were common and easy to see.

Before leaving Picton I checked out some wetlands nearby where quite a few Black-billed Gulls, another NZ endemic, were present.

As reported in the first post for this trip, I visited the Zealandia Reserve on the outskirts of Wellington to see Little Spotted Kiwi. I returned for a day trip to enjoy the resident Tuataras – an ancient reptile driven to the point of extinction before last minute intervention by the NZ authorities.

Also in the reserve were a few North Island Saddleback, until recently considered conspecific with its South Island counterpart , but the juveniles of the two species have very different plumages.

North Island Robins were common and vocal.

Takahe, another species brought back from the brink, has been introduced to Zealandia but the single pair there has yet to breed. I’ve seen this species previously in the South Island’s Murchison Mountains - the only place where a wild population survives.

A male Rifleman rounded up a fine trip.